I
have a good friend, a British chap (formerly British), who, interestingly, was in law
enforcement in the United Kingdom. He
has recently become a US citizen; and we’re lucky to have him – a very nice
guy. His name is John; and we’ve had
many discussions over the years about law enforcement, crime and the psychology
of perpetrators.
John
and I have a mutual interest in guns; their functionality as well as their
craftsmanship. John has quite a few
opinions on that subject. And, as a
result, he and I have occasionally discussed gun history and gun philosophy as
it pertains to the British. The
following is what I recently received from him.
I’m going to relate his comments in two or three posts, because they are
rather lengthy. I hope you will find the
comments as interesting as I did.
John: “To viewers who watch British Police
shows on PBS, such as New Tricks,
Midsomer Murders, DCI Banks, the most noticeable difference between the UK
officers and their US counterparts is the absence of firearms. It was not always so.
In the
Sherlock Holmes movies and TV series, the great detective, essentially a de
facto officer who solved cases where Scotland Yard had blundered, would
instruct his sidekick, Dr. Watson, to bring along his trusty Webley service
revolver as the pair sallied forth to combat the forces of evil.
The London
Metropolitan police was first established in 1829 by Sir Robert Peel, a Baronet
who served terms as Prime Minister. He
had previously, as Chief Secretary in Dublin, established the Royal Irish
Constabulary, in 1814. His philosophy
dictated that the police operated solely by the consent of the civilian
population and would not be seen as an armed force of the State. Their uniforms
were designed to be distinctly different from that of the red-coated soldiers
of the day. Their only weapon was a
wooden truncheon. They became known to the public, somewhat affectionally, as
'Bobbies' after their founder. In
Ireland, they were known somewhat less affectionally as 'Peelers.' By 1857 all UK cities were required to form
their own police forces. Although Sir
Robert is lauded for the establishment of the UK modern police force, not
everyone was a fan. Queen Victoria
described him as a 'cold, unfeeling disagreeable man.' In particular, he did not endear himself to
Her Majesty when, as Prime Minister, he opposed the awarding of a yearly sum of
50,000 pounds to her husband, Prince Albert.
Sir Robert died at the age of 62 following a fall from his horse.
Civilian
possession of handguns in Britain, with the appropriate certificate, was lawful
up until the Dunblane school shooting in Scotland in 1996 when an ex-scout
master took two Browning 9mm pistols and two Smith & Wesson 357 revolvers
into a school and killed 16 children and a teacher before killing himself. His fire arms possession were under the
category of a collector. Within a matter of days, close to half a million
people in Scotland alone signed a petition calling for the total ban on
civilian possession of handguns. An
official enquiry by Lord Cullen under the Conservative government of the day recommended
tighter restrictions on handgun possession but considered a complete ban
'inappropriate.' Shooting clubs would be
exempt and civilian possession of 22 calibre single shot handguns would be
allowed. However, when the Blair Labour
party came to power shortly after they instituted a total ban on all handgun
possession. This did not provoke the
outcry that even such an attempt would have done so in the US. Possession of firearms is not considered a
right, but a privilege which the State will strictly regulate. The shooting
community is a minority with little to no political clout. Hunting has been mainly limited to the
land-owning gentry. There are not the
wide-open vast public lands that exist in the US and Canada. As an aside, long
barreled weapons can be obtained by police certificate and come threaded for a
suppressor.
The handgun
ban does not apply to Northern Ireland where the long years of sectarian strife
present their own unique threats. A resident of that province can legally
possess a handgun for personal protection - if the police approve, on a
case-by-case basis.
The Royal
Ulster Constabulary, renamed with the more pc title of the Northern Ireland
Police Service, is the one UK force responsible for policing cities and towns
which is permanently armed. Two others,
which are armed but with limited jurisdiction are the Ministry of Defence
police (MOD) and the Civilian Nuclear Constabulary. They have law enforcement powers at nuclear
plant sites and within 5 kilometres of those sites. The MOD serve as an armed security and
investigative service for MOD property and personnel. They are also assigned to overseas territories
for certain policing duties. One
somewhat odd example being in 2003/2004, an investigation into communal sex
abuse of children on the remote Pitcairn Island where Fletcher Christian and
his fellow mutineers of The Bounty, as depicted in three Hollywood movies,
eventually ended up on in 1789. Both the
MOD and the Nuclear force can be assigned to assist regular forces upon a
request from the Chief Constables of those forces.
In a
shooting rampage in Cumbria, the Lake District, in 2010, the nearby Sellafield
Nuclear site was closed and the on-site officers called in to assist the local
force in tracking down the shooter. The
first responding Cumbria officers were unarmed as no armed force response group
was immediately available. The shooter, armed with a double barreled shotgun
and a CZ bolt action 22 rifle, killed 12 people
He had firearms certificates for
both weapons. Following the shootings,
renewed calls were made for further restrictions on firearm possession, but
Conservative Prime Minister David Cameron said that Britain already had some of
the most stringent requirements in the world and further restrictions would not
be adopted.”
To be continued…
True Nelson